Introduction –Conception is a complicated process with a  lot of steps that need to occur perfectly- if even one is slightly off, fertilisation does not occur and conception or having a family can become a distant dream. Male infertility occurs when you have had unprotected intercourse with your partner for the past year, but there has been no change. So, if you have been searching for the ‘best male fertility clinic near me’ online, stop worrying! You have come to the right place! 

Common Causes for Male Infertility

Most of us assume it is easy to have babies but humans are a low reproductive capacity species actually. That is because, for every month a couple has unprotected sex, there is less than 20% chance of conception occurring. With respect to males, these are the possibly problematic aspects you should know of-

• Healthy sperm cells are not being produced.
• Sperm cells produced are healthy but number is low (oligospermia)
• Some men may produce semen which has no sperm cells in it at all (azoospermia).
• The sperm is having motility issues and is not able to move towards the egg. 
• The sperm is able to move but cannot fertilise the egg. 
• If you have unusually low levels of the hormone testosterone. 
• If you suffer from hormonal issues due to thyroid, hypothalamus and pituitary gland conditions. 
• If you have had STIs before or have one at present. 
• If you have an autoimmune condition that causes the immune cells to attack your sperm cells. 
• If there has been some testicular trauma of some kind. 
• If you have swollen veins in the testicles- called varicoceles.
• If you have had radiation therapy for cancer. 

Your semen needs to be thick and sticky, as opposed to thin or runny in texture. This is necessary because the semen provides sperm cells energy, nutrients and a way into the vagina. 

Diagnosis of Male Infertility

A male fertility specialist or endocrinologist can help diagnose male infertility. Apart from taking a detailed medical history and having you answer questions on your sexual habits, these are the following tests that are recommended-

• Semen analysis- to check for number, health and motility of sperm cells. These days, ultra high resolution microscopes provide greater information on sperm cell DNA, fragmentation and amounts of hyaluronic acid present in the cell (as this is important for fertilisation with the egg). 
• Imaging like MRI or ultrasound. 
• Blood tests are done to check for hormone levels. 
• Urinalysis to check for STIs or diabetes. 
• In rare cases, a testicular biopsy is done. 

Advanced tests like PICSI are recommended only when there is fragmentation of DNA or previous IVF cycle failures, as these are more specialised. 

Treatment Options For Male Infertility-

You will be asked to make sustainable lifestyle changes – like eating well, getting regular exercise, not smoking or drinking and avoiding the usage of lubricants during sex. 

Hormone medications are given to deal with any hormonal excesses or deficiencies. Surgery is also an option- for sperm retrieval, treating varicocele if you have one, or removing any blockage in the epididymis.

One of the best approaches for conception to occur include the use of ICSI- Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection- where the healthiest sperm is selected after semen analysis and is directly injected into a mature egg- to improve chances of fertilisation. So, call us today if you would like to learn more about the best ICSI treatment in Hyderabad. 

If ICSI fails, then IVF may be suggested.

Conclusion– Conception is not an easy process and it takes time. Male infertility treatments thankfully are easy to get these days, as the underlying causes for infertility have been well studied. Once the cause has been diagnosed, you can take requisite medications and change your routine, so you get better. If you want to get treated by experienced specialists at the best fertility clinic in Hyderabad, call us at Feminova Clinics today! We are conveniently located in Nallagandla, Hyderabad. 

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Introduction

Unexplained infertility literally means that the specific cause for infertility is not known. Even when individuals feel fine and are actually healthy- preliminary test results say the same, they may not be able to conceive. The catch in this situation is that even detailed fertility tests reveal no abnormalities with respect to structure and egg or sperm quality. Undiagnosed endometriosis, uterine fibroids or polyps may contribute to infertility but at times may not directly influence it either. Hormonal changes also need to occur at the right time and if timing is off, fertility can get affected. Many couples may initially be diagnosed like this but conceive without treatment later on. So, let us look at some causes for idiopathic or unexplained infertility and explore treatment options that are available at the best fertility clinic in Hyderabad. 

Causes for Unexplained Infertility

When a couple has had unprotected sex for over 6-12 months or even longer and are still not able to conceive, a detailed fertility assessment is warranted. Infertility can occur due to a variety of reasons but when evaluations say everything is normal, then it may be called idiopathic or unexplained infertility. Some other reasons include- 

• You may be dealing with an undiagnosed underlying condition which is chronic- like thyroid issues, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies etc.
• For women, egg quality is as important as number- so blood tests need to be done, as imaging can only give a rough estimate of the number of eggs present in the ovaries. Tests check for AMH, FSH, AFC (Antral Follicle Count), Estradiol test (higher levels early in the cycle can correspond to poorer egg quality) and others. Genetic testing may also be recommended in some cases. 
• Women having endometriosis have a harder time conceiving, when compared to other women.
• Quality of cervical mucus- This may seem like a small detail, but if the mucus is too thick or acidic, then sperm cannot move towards the egg and this can hamper fertilization.
• Sperm quality- Just looking for count, motility and structure may not be enough. Detailed quality testing may be necessary – like HBA assay, ROS test, antisperm antibody test, sperm penetration test, sperm DNA fragmentation test etc. respectively. 

Why You May Be Diagnosed With Unexplained Infertility

Here are some reasons as to why you may be diagnosed with unexplained infertility-

For women-

• When you ovulate at regular intervals and your cycle is normal.
• There is no issue or blockage in the fallopian tubes
• Your uterus looks and functions normally – no problem with the endometrial lining. 
• Hormones needed to govern the whole process – from egg release to fertilisation and implantation seem to be in normal range. 
• You have a good ovarian reserve for your age.

For men-

• Sperm count is within range in the sample you have given.
• Sperm motility is good. 
• Shape and structural tests reveal normal results. 

Studies show that about 15-30% of all infertility related cases seeking treatment can be attributed to unexplained infertility in the Indian subcontinent. This is because tests normally check for overt issues. Subtler problems may not be diagnosed in the first pass and will hence require detailed testing. 

Treatment Options for Unexplained Infertility

Some well known treatment options include- 

• Assisted Reproductive Technology– Methods like IUI (intrauterine insemination) and IVF are very well known choices. To help improve fertilisation chances, ICSI (intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection) can be performed- so that sperm can be directly injected into the egg and barriers to fertilisation are overcome much better. ICSI is a great choice when sperm motility or quality is an issue. 
• When you opt for IUI or IVF, you will be given hormonal medications like gonadotropins and clomiphene. Gonadotropins are prescribed to promote follicle development and egg production in women and can help with low sperm count in men. Clomiphene helps increase the number of eggs that will be released in women- which also increases chances of conception. 
• The last way is when the gynecologist asks you to track your cycle closely- using ovulation kits, with basal temperature changes, so you can time intercourse within your fertile window – right before or during the days of ovulation. 

Conclusion

Unexplained infertility as a diagnosis can be hard to understand and deal with- as technically there is no issue but you are still not able to conceive. In such cases, the gynecologist may ask you to continue trying like before. It does you no good to get stressed, so instead- try to pivot and see about making necessary lifestyle changes- like eating nutritious meals, getting enough exercise every week and managing stress actively in different ways. If you would like to get a second opinion, then you should go ahead. If you’d prefer not to wait and instead want to begin fertility treatment without delay, talking to the best IVF doctor in Hyderabad makes total sense. So, call us at Feminova Clinics for a consultation today! 

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Introduction– Planning to conceive and raise a family are very personal goals and now more than ever, many women and men prefer to take their time to think about it in detail, before rushing into it. This is very relevant- as it is a big emotional and financial decision, with several other motivations which may not be apparent on the surface. When you have a partner, or are not sure about wanting to start a family right away- it makes sense to understand how the biological clock works with respect to overall health and fertility. It can also be hard to really pay attention to subtle signs or symptoms which may point towards infertility and hence diagnosis and treatment may get delayed. This can be problematic for the future- when you do actually want to conceive. So, let us look at the different instances which may necessitate a visit to the best IVF clinic in Hyderabad. 

When To Consult A Fertility Specialist for Infertility?

Here are a few examples of situations which warrant a visit to a fertility specialist- 

• Unprotected sex for some time– For women more than men, the biological clock is pretty unforgiving- as egg quality and number begin to decrease drastically once they hit their late 30s or early 40s. So, if you have had unprotected intercourse for over a year and still have not gotten pregnant (if you are below 35 years of age) or if you are above 35 and have not been able to get pregnant in 6 months under similar circumstances, you should talk to a gynecologist immediately. If you are above 40, then walk into our clinic today, without any further delay! 

• Previous miscarriages- If you have had 2 or more miscarriages before, it is time to talk to a fertility specialist- as it may be an issue that can be medically or surgically corrected. Miscarriages can occur when there is a genetic anomaly, autoimmune issues, severe hormonal imbalance and even uterine malformations which may not be known initially. 
• Pelvic surgery or disease- If you have had previous surgeries, then extensive scar tissue formation can hinder conception by causing the fallopian tubes to get blocked or can interfere with implantation in the uterus. Frequent STIs, even if treated or if there is a delay in treatment can affect the fallopian tubes and consequently impact egg quality too. 
• Issue with erection or ejaculation- Men and their sperm are as important to consider, as women when it comes to egg quality and health. The onus of conception does NOT lie with women alone. So, when men are not able to achieve an erection or are not able to ejaculate normally, it can interfere with conception. Sperm quality is also very important, as is motility, structure and its ability to survive in the female reproductive tract- as only then fertilisation will be possible. If there is any issue here, then you should talk to a male fertility specialist immediately, instead of rushing to judgement. 
• Autoimmune disease- Issues like hypothyroidism, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis can wreak havoc in your body as the immune system is working overtime. It can also impact fertility, so talk to a specialist soon if you have already been diagnosed with an autoimmune condition. 

• Cancer diagnosis and subsequent chemotherapy– If you have cancer and need to undergo radiation therapy or chemotherapy, you should think about freezing your eggs or sperm- so you can keep the possibility of having a family open in the future. 
• Premature menopause– You should talk to a gynecologist if there is a history of premature menopause in your family. 
• PCOS– Hormonal imbalance can affect your ability to conceive, so you should talk to our endocrinologists, as we offer the best PCOS treatment in Hyderabad. 
• Endometriosis and fibroids– When the endometrial lining begins to grow in other places apart from the uterus, it can cause pain, bleeding and affect ovulation. Fibroids are benign tumours which need to be checked on time. 
• Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)– After 40 years of age, the ovaries don’t function as well as before and this can impact your ability to conceive. So, IVF or using a donor egg may be more suitable in such cases. 

It is best if you do not delay infertility screening- as fertility and age are inversely proportional. Though talking to a fertility specialist may seem daunting, you should consider not letting your preconceived notions get the better of you. Talking to a non-judgemental gynecologist can help a lot in such cases- as they will be able to diagnose the exact issue and come up with a personalized treatment plan, so you can get better. If you have been searching for a male fertility clinic near me or a fertility centre near me, stop overthinking and walk into Feminova Clinic today, for a consultation! 

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Introduction– The uterus is a tiny, muscular organ located deep within the pelvis and looks almost like a bag, ready to receive an egg after fertilisation and provides a spot for implantation to occur so further development can occur. When there are certain signs like pain, excessive bleeding or other symptoms which may not be easy to understand, detailed imaging may help pinpoint the exact underlying cause. A hysteroscopy is an easy procedure that can be performed by an experienced women clinic nearby. Let us look at what it is and when it needs to be performed in greater detail.  

What is  A Hysteroscopy? 

A scope in medical terms is just another way of telling you that there is a camera which will be able to provide real time imaging of the body part in concern. The same principle applies here- a thin tube with imaging capabilities is inserted into the uterus through the cervix and vagina and this can then help the gynecologist diagnose or even operate on a particular condition. It becomes a diagnostic procedure when the doctor is trying to understand what the cause for the symptoms are, while it is operative if you need surgery for previously diagnosed conditions like uterine fibroids, polyps or adhesions. It can be both diagnostic and operative in nature if the doctor suspects polyps or fibroids and uses a hysteroscope while operating on them. 

When To Get A Hysteroscopy Done?

If you have the following symptoms, then you should talk to a specialist in the best fertility clinic in Hyderabad without too much delay-

• When there is heavier bleeding than usual- If you are losing more blood than on your heaviest period or if all of your periods are very heavy, then it is time to get it checked. This symptom may be due to polyps, fibroids or major hormonal shifts. 
• Spotting or irregular periods- If you notice some spotting between your monthly cycles or your regular periods suddenly become irregular, then you should talk to a doctor.
• Severe pelvic pain or cramping- Cramping or pain does not have to be a usual feature of your monthly cycle. If there is too much pain, then it may be fibroids or adhesions too. 
• Postmenopausal bleeding- If you are menopausal and suddenly have bleeding, you should check it out, as a hysteroscopy can check the uterine lining for any abnormal changes or cancerous growth. 
• Unexplained infertility-Not being able to get pregnant may be a side effect of various uterine issues. So, you can get a hysteroscopy done to check. 
• Multiple miscarriages- if you have repeatedly dealt with pregnancy loss, then you should evaluate the uterus too as some defect may be the underlying cause- which can be corrected in a majority of cases. 

Benefits of Getting a Hysteroscopy-

The main advantage of a hysteroscopy is that it is minimally invasive- as there are no incisions or stitches to worry about. You can go home the same day after the procedure is done. It allows the gynecologist to get a clear view of the uterus, its lining and any associated structures. The risk of developing complications is almost none to very minimal and when you get it done early, you can go for prompt treatment too. 

But, not every woman is eligible for it- if you are pregnant, have a severe pelvic infection or have any conditions that don’t allow the hysteroscope to enter the uterus easily, then you may need to look at other diagnostic tests for uterine issues. 

Conclusion– Being proactive about your reproductive health is a great way to ensure that there are no unwanted surprises. This can also ensure that you will be diagnosed correctly and will then be able to get appropriate treatment. The procedure is not painful at all and is minimally invasive, with most women not needing anaesthesia at all. Though women are taught not to worry too much if there is cramping, changes in bleeding schedule or change in discharge as all these factors are dependent on hormonal changes, it is important to understand when something may be seemingly minor and when a particular symptom may be a sign of something more critical. So, if you have been searching for ‘the best gynecologist near me’, then you don’t have too far to go- walk into Feminova Clinics and schedule a consultation with our fertility specialists today! 

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Introduction- Every parent wants to have a hearty and healthy child, with no abnormalities or disorders. This is where PGD comes in. In natural conceptions, prenatal tests are done to identify genetic abnormalities while in IVF conceptions, pre-implantation genetic screenings are done to identify abnormalities in fertilised embryos.  These tests are legal and are available in most fertility centres. Specialised techniques like biopsy of embryo and subsequent genetic analysis using techniques like PCR, FISH or CGH is done for identification of normal, healthy embryos – all in an effort to prevent miscarriages from occurring in the future, or to prepare you for any other eventuality. Cost can vary according to the area and centres and it requires a significant amount of financial investment in some cases. The use of PGD as a mode of screening is increasing in India, as there is greater willingness to try IVF and other ART methods, if natural conception is not happening. 

What Is A Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGd) And Its Types?

Pre implantation genetic diagnoses are a series of testing done on embryos which are fertilized through IVF, for screening genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities before transferring it to the mother. It helps your family to ensure and aim for healthy children, free from disorders by ending the familial history of genetic transmission of diseases. 

Different types of PGD’s:

There are 2 main types:

• PGD for monogenic disorders/ PGT-M: This type of pre implantation genetic diagnosis is useful in detecting diseases of a single gene type; it is clear, specific and widely accepted. Helps in anomaly detection even before implantation in the uterus. These tests are recommended to couples with strong family traits of genetic anomalies identifying the possible percentage of anomaly transfer. For this test, the parents must initially undergo genetic testing to identify the error or mutation in the gene. Once the results are obtained,  the embryos are diagnosed appropriately for those specific genetic anomalies making it easier for designing IVF protocols. 
• PGS/PGT-A: This technique is used to select embryos with the right chromosomal number (euploidy), as this can determine its capability for implantation in the uterus. Embryos with higher or lower number of chromosomes (aneuploidy)  may not implant correctly leading to pregnancy loss. It is specifically done for mothers of advanced age or with a recurrent history of miscarriage or failed IVF cycles. 

What Is Analysed Using Pgd?

PGD is used for analysing chromosomal conditions in families where-

• One partner in the couple has a dominant gene of a genetic disorder; there is a 50% chance of their future offspring having the same genetic mutation. 
• The mother is a carrier – she may or may not transfer the defective gene to her offspring and there is still a 50% chance of inheritance, depending on the gender of the child. 
• Both the parents are genetically recessive – then there is about a 25% chance that their future offspring may be affected, and have both copies of the recessive gene- leading to the condition. 

Conclusion– Pre-implantation genetic testing or diagnosis is an advanced science in the field of in-vitro fertilization. All the embryos produced through IVF may not be healthy and couples with a history of delayed fertility or genetic anomalies tend to face miscarriages. In such cases, PGD is more like a safe precaution and a confirmation if their embryo or future offspring can lead a healthy life or not. The decision can be made by the parents if they’re willing to take a chance with children who are genetically abnormal. This kind of diagnosis helps the couple to have a happy and healthy family. If they’re carriers of recessive genes, this procedure can help their off-springs and the future generations to be free from such genetic anomalies. These tests are conducted under the guidance of experienced doctors and IVF specialists in fully equipped fertility hospitals or clinics. 

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Introduction–  Scientific advancements in the field of fertility have been growing rapidly, giving hope to many couples who may not be able to conceive. Many procedures like IVF, in-vitro gametogenesis, genetic editing, pre implantation genetic testing and cryopreservation are now being used to help individuals in very scientific ways. An embryo is a by-product from the process of fertilization which includes a mature egg and sperm. Embryo cryopreservation or embryo freezing is a process that is used to freeze healthy fertilized eggs for future use. In countries like India, embryo freezing is an exceptional choice for couples who choose to protect their fertility for various reasons. Couples with high risk conditions like cancer, endometriosis, and ovarian failure can preserve their ability to conceive, with this technique. The success rate of frozen embryo transfers is about 60% for women under the age of 35yrs in India, according to various studies that have been conducted. 

Why Freeze Embryos?

Excess embryos are quite common in couples trying to conceive through IVF. These can be used for the future by freezing them. This process is called cryo-preservation. It is helpful in cases when the couple wants to cancel or postpone an implantation after one good fertilized egg, or if they want to have the choice to try again, if one round of IVF fails. They may also choose to donate them to other couples who are trying to get pregnant or for research purposes.

Process Of Embryo Cryopreservation-

The interested couple must visit a fertility clinic, where they will be asked to get a few preliminary tests done. Once the results are out and the doctor gives the go ahead, the process begins. 

• Egg collection: The doctor will first sedate you and then collect multiple eggs at once, using a hollow needle and catheter. This process is also called egg retrieval.
• Fertilization:Later, these collected eggs are all fertilized under the guidance of an embryologist with the sperm collected from your partner. The fertilization of an egg takes place in a petri dish within a lab setting for 7 days. These embryos are then sent for genetic testing to identify any genetic conditions or anomalies.
• Embryo grading: Once genetic testing is done, the embryos are graded for their higher feasibility and successful growth for implantation. 
• Vitrification: The highly graded embryos are then carefully frozen using liquid nitrogen to prevent ice crystals from forming, that could damage the embryonic cells.
• Storage in Bank-The storage of these embryos is usually in a lab and they can be safely preserved for 10 yrs or even longer. If an egg is collected from a woman aged below 35yrs, there is about a 95% chance that the frozen embryos can survive the thawing process.

Process Of Using The Frozen Embryos For Pregnancy:

Once you decide to get pregnant, FET (Frozen embryo transfer) begins. The mother usually receives oestrogen pills or injections for improving the uterine lining and progesterone treatment to make the uterus safe for embryo. In cases where the mother has natural cycles, the doctor waits until ovulation and then the embryo is transferred into the uterus 5 days after ovulation. This is called natural FET (Frozen embryo transfer).

Benefits Of Cryo-Preservation:

• It is useful for couples who don’t wish to get pregnant any time soon. 
• Couples with fertility issues.
• Helpful for couples that undergo treatments which damage their fertility.
• Women who are uncertain of their partners can choose for their eggs to be frozen & get fertilized with donor sperm at a later date. 

Risks: 

You should be aware of the risks associated with this procedure, even if it is a minor one. 

• Damage to the embryos while freezing
• Weak embryos that do not fit the criteria  cannot be frozen
• Failure to get pregnant even after implantation
• Higher incidence of age related pregnancy risks. 
• Multiple births if more eggs are implanted.

Conclusion – Cryo-preservation of embryos is one of the best techniques available, in today’s world for couples trying to conceive, who are otherwise not able to do so under normal circumstances. Individuals and couples these days choose to defer having babies due to a variety of reasons. Cryo-preservation helps couples in the future, when there is better stability in their personal and financial life. Couples opting for embryo cryo-preservation should consult the best IVF Clinic In Hyderabad in such cases.  So, come to Feminova, for an unbiased and non -judgemental session and walk out with more confidence than when you came in! 

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Introduction – Pregnancy is always treated as a blessing or joy when a couple  is trying to conceive. But getting pregnant is not as simple as we think it to be – because the process of pregnancy depends on various factors. Womanhood starts from the age of menarche or first menses and the fertility of the woman is considered high. She can continue to have children at any time, till her menopause, if she so desires. But, this decision comes with risks and advantages; the most fertile period of a woman is in her late teen’s i.e., around 19yrs till early 30s . Then fertility naturally begins to decline as the woman gets older, making it harder to conceive. A late pregnancy is not only difficult but also risky for the mother and baby.

What Happens With Advancing Age According To Science?

Scientifically speaking, women’s reproductive organs are fully functional and at their peak health between their late 20s and early 30s. Getting pregnant and taking care of a whole new life is not merely decided by age alone, but it is one of the factors to think about, while other factors like emotional willingness and financial readiness also matter when starting a family. Hence the timing for each woman may differ accordingly. 

Women carry a finite number of eggs at birth- approximately around 2 million initially, and it drops to 3,00,000 at puberty, By late 30’s, it drops to just over 25,000 eggs and by the age of 50, it will be as low as 1000. So, a general thumb rule is – ovarian reserve or the number of eggs decrease with increasing age, negatively impacting fertility, as time goes by. 

Factors that Affect Fertility-

• Quality of egg: Having a healthy baby is the wish and dream of every mother and this is decided by the quality of an egg. During the peak reproductive age that is the ages between 20-31 yrs, egg quality is at its best and as age progresses, quality starts to decline. Once the woman crosses the age of 35 yrs, her fertility starts to drop quickly.

The chances of getting pregnant decreases with age – like you have a 20% chance to conceive at the age of 25, 12% chance at the age of 35 and 7% post 40 yrs.

 Certain accompanying lifestyle related factors include- 

• Smoking
• Underlying systemic diseases
• Pelvic organ infections
• Any form of cancer.

Advantages Of Getting Pregnant Between Your Late 20s And Early 30s:

• Any and all post pregnancy effects are well tolerated and mothers tend to heal faster if they are younger. 
• With the growth of a healthy baby, women in their peak fertile age can provide better intra- uterine life to the foetus, increasing the chances of producing a healthy off-spring.
• Energy: Women in between late twenties and early thirties have sufficient energy to take care of their little one.
• There will be fewer chances of pregnancy complications.

Risks Of Delayed Pregnancy Include Several Conditions Like –

• Gestational diabetes
• High blood pressures
• Pre-eclampsia
• Miscarriages
• Premature birth
• Still births
• low birth weight in infant
• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Cardiac risks to the mother. 

According to IVF specialists and health care professionals, as age advances, the amount of DNA present in the older eggs may have too much or too little genetic information, this can increase the chances of having a child with genetic abnormality or having a miscarriage. Planning pregnancy at an older age not only makes it hard to conceive but it also poses serious health risks to the mother.

Conclusion – If you’re a couple planning a pregnancy, then do consider evaluating the health conditions of both the parents under the guidance of experienced IVF specialists or gynaecologists available at a women’s clinic nearby, so that they can guide and advise you on the most suitable plans available. There are multiple options available like freezing eggs and sperm if you’re at risk of any other illness like cancer treatment which can damage your sperm or egg. Talk to specialists at Feminova Clinics, which is the best fertility Clinic In Hyderabad, if you have a history of any other illness related to thyroid, heart, epilepsy etc.  An early consultation with the experts can provide better options for you and your off-spring.

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Introduction – Menstruation or commonly known as a period is a bodily cycle seen in women where shedding of the uterus lining occurs every month. A regular cycle is a good thing to have. The shedding partly consists of tissue and blood. This process is driven by hormones which are chemical messengers in your body and organs like the pituitary gland in the brain and the ovaries play a major role in menstruation. A cross sectional study conducted in India revealed that 50 to 87.8% of women reported dysmenorrhoea. Among this range, 70% of females in the adolescent age group – suffered the most pain. 

How Does Healthy Menstruation Happen?

This cyclical occurrence is under the tight control of hormones – especially from the pituitary and ovaries, which influence the uterus into initiating the process of menstruation. The process of menstruation happens in 4 phases namely the menses, follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase.

Hormones like oestrogen, progesterone, follicular stimulating hormone and prostaglandins are responsible for the process of a smooth cycle. Any irregularities in these hormones can cause various symptoms ranging from painful menses to infertility.

What Is Painful Menses Or Dysmenorrhoea?

Dysmennorhoea is pain caused in the lower abdomen and back during the process of menstruation. It is classified into 2 types: primary and secondary. 

• Primary dysmenorrhoea is the most common type seen in adolescent and young adult women. Hormones like prostaglandins are released in increased amounts leading to the cut off of blood flow to the uterus, causing ischemia and severe pain. Early menarche, irregular oestrogen production, smoking, stress and obesity, and family history are some contributing factors for the high prostaglandin levels.
• Secondary dysmenorrhoea: This type of menstrual cramps or pain is seen due to underlying pelvic conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, adenomyosis or PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease), polyps, cervical diseases, congenital abnormalities, ovarian cysts and Intra uterine device (IUD) complications. Any of these factors can cause the pelvic organs like the uterus and ovaries to produce high levels of prostaglandins, causing extreme pain during menses. Symptoms can range from extreme pain in the lower abdomen, thighs, a feeling of pressure, bloating, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headaches respectively. 

Dysmenorrhea must be diagnosed and treated in a timely fashion. If it is primary dysmenorrhea, then, there is no need to worry too much. But, if other medical conditions are causing severe pain, it is important to deal with them, to prevent any complications from occurring later on. Untreated PID or endometriosis can lead to infertility in severe cases. Diagnosis is usually done by a gynaecologist- using a pelvic exam. A speculum will also be inserted, so that the doctor gets a better look at your vagina and cervix. If results remain inconclusive and you still have painful symptoms, then you may need a hysteroscopy, ultrasound or a laparoscopy. 

Management of Dysmenorrhoea Symptoms- 

Relieving period cramps depends on severity and underlying pathologies. If there are no underlying diseases, pain killers, ample rest with hot bag application are advised. If the pain is extremely severe affecting your daily life, your gynaecologist may provide hormonal medications. In secondary dysmenorrhoea pains, the underlying uterine or ovarian problems must be treated first and the body recovers by itself. 

Conclusion – Menstruation is a natural process like digestion and respiration. Any pain in such a natural process is an area of concern and should be addressed at the earliest. Visit your nearest gynaecologist if you are affected by it. Informing your complete medical history helps the gynaecologist to suggest a plan according to your condition. Since dysmenorrhoea may be hormonal in nature, you will need holistic care. Feminova Women’s Clinic has some of the best gynaecologists, including the Top PCOS Specialist in Hyderabad – who are well experienced in addressing your suffering by providing appropriate measures and requisite advice.

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Introduction– Women have to go through a lot of ups and downs in life and these major changes are mirrored by the body- in the form of hormonal shifts and in how the reproductive system works. Studies tend to show that men are more likely to get diagnosed because they prioritise their health a little better than women- who are all about getting work done, setting priorities and moving ahead in life. So, unless there is a real problem, women don’t really think going to a doctor will help. This thought process can be normal, but it is not necessarily right. 

What is Preventive Gynaecological Care?

Preventive care essentially means being proactive and getting tested regularly, so that even if you feel normal, you can continue to go about life normally too. Preventive screening says- prevention is the best cure, and that delaying timely diagnosis can affect your outcomes significantly. The main reasons you should go in or an annual check up even if you feel fine are-

• Check for any outliers and make changes in your lifestyle if needed. 
• Check if you are at high risk of developing any particular condition- due to exposure to agents in the environment or if you have high-risk genetic markers. . 
• For regular vaccinations
• To build a good rapport with a doctor who will help you not only during times of illness, but when you feel fine too. 

Tests in A Well-Woman Package-

Many hospitals and labs offer well-rounded diagnostic well-woman packages, which are designed to check for blood tests, Pap smears (to check for cervical cancer risk), HPV test and STI testing and requisite vaccinations, a mammogram (for assessing breast cancer risk), blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol levels and bone density tests once a year, or once every 2-3 years (if you fall in the low risk category). Other tests may be added as needed. 

Blood pressure screening and blood lipid profile testing is done to check for heart disease risk. Even if you have heart disease, or it is just the beginning, you won’t notice any definite symptoms, which is why preventive screening is essential in this case. 

Preventive Screening guidelines have been well established for women in different age groups-

• You should get your BP checked every 3 years at least, though an annual check up is the best practice. 
• A screening mammogram is a good idea after 35 years of age, if you carry high risk markers or just want to be proactive. But, doctors don’t recommend mammograms often. 
• A Pap smear needs to be done every 3 years (between 21-29 yrs of age), by itself. 
• You should consider getting a Pap smear and an HPV test once you hit 30. You should continue to get tested every 5 years, till you turn 65 (unless you are at risk or if your doctor asks you to get screened more often). 
• Blood tests for cholesterolemia and heart disease from 20 years of age (if you have a family history of heart disease). If you are in the low risk group, begin screening from age 40-45 and above, every year or every 3-5 years. 

What Vaccinations are Safe to Take for Me?

Women who are sexually active need to be careful about STI and HPV infections in particular. The vaccines you should get without any delay, if you have missed them include-

• TDap- Tetanus and Diphtheria vaccine (one during adolescence or after you are an adult) followed by a booster shot every 10 years. 
• HPV or Human Papilloma Virus vaccine if you have not been vaccinated for HPV before. 
• Hep-C screening should be done between 18-79 years of age and during every pregnancy, without fail. Hep-B vaccination can be availed. 
• HIV screening- once at least (between 15-65 years of age). No vaccine available. 

Conclusion– Preventive gynaecological screening is your best friend in getting top quality preventive care. So, if you have been searching for a “Lady Gynecologist Near Me” or a top “Women Clinic Nearby”, look no further, as Feminova Clinics is the best place to go to. We offer a full spectrum of gynaecological and obstetric services which have been designed to help a woman in any stage of her life. We offer cutting edge testing, diagnosis, effective treatments, counselling and our specialists will help you make changes to your lifestyle in the long term, as they don’t believe in short-term fixes. 

Can’t find an answer? Book a clinic visit or Call us  at +91 9966888702 or +91 8125860069

Introduction – Most of us think that an obstetrician and a gynaecologist are the same, since it is normally written as OB/GYN in many signboards or websites. While you are not too far from the truth, it is important to understand that it is actually 2 closely related specialities that are being talked about here- obstetrics and gynaecology. This means if someone is an OB/GYN, then they have both specialisations. Let us break down each of these 2 aspects in more detail, in this blog. 

Who is a Gynaecologist?

A gynaecologist is a specialist who helps you take care of your reproductive health your whole life- which means you will go to them when you get your first period, when you want to conceive, when you notice any painful symptoms of the reproductive system like the vagina, the uterus, the breasts etc. all the way up to and beyond you become menopausal. 

So, in effect, you can talk to your gynaecologist about-

• Birth control and planning
• Irregular periods
• Infections of any kind
• Pelvic prolapse
• Endometriosis
• Polyps
• Cysts
• Fibroids, among other things. 
• Preventive screening- like Pap smears, HPV tests, STI testing.
• PCOS and other related hormonal issues 
• Vaccinations

They can perform surgeries to remove fibroids, perform hysterectomies, tubal ligation, myomectomy and other specialised procedures when needed. 

Who is an Obstetrician?

An obstetrician is a doctor who is more concerned about pregnancy – from before you try to conceive, during pregnancy and much after childbirth – they will help you with all aspects or prenatal and postnatal health concerns. Only obstetricians can deliver babies. They are trained to understand if you or your little one are in distress and will help in the best way possible. They are the right personnel to go to, if you have-

• An ectopic pregnancy
• If you are pregnant in general
• If you have preeclampsia
• If you have any issues with the placenta
• If you will need any other mode of delivery- like Caesarean, because it is a high-risk pregnancy for example. 
• If you need an episiotomy during delivery 
• If you have suffered from a miscarriage before
• If you want any fertility treatments done
• If the foetus needs any diagnostic or genetic testing done
• They can also assist you in dealing with post-partum depression and get you in touch with a therapist. 

In short, they are trained to help you deliver, even if the circumstances may be especially hard or if there are complications that may happen. 

Conclusion– Both obstetricians and gynaecologists start off with an MBBS, followed by a specialisation in obstetrics and gynaecology. They can then go on to choose superspecialty courses thereafter. If you have been searching for the “best gynaecologist near me” or “fertility specialist near me” or “Obgyn near me”, then you should know that Feminova Clinics has conveniently located branches all over Hyderabad. We offer a full spectrum of services- right from when a girl hits puberty to well after a woman has passed menopause. 

Can’t find an answer? Book a clinic visit or Call us  at +91 9966888702 or +91 8125860069