Introduction–  Scientific advancements in the field of fertility have been growing rapidly, giving hope to many couples who may not be able to conceive. Many procedures like IVF, in-vitro gametogenesis, genetic editing, pre implantation genetic testing and cryopreservation are now being used to help individuals in very scientific ways. An embryo is a by-product from the process of fertilization which includes a mature egg and sperm. Embryo cryopreservation or embryo freezing is a process that is used to freeze healthy fertilized eggs for future use. In countries like India, embryo freezing is an exceptional choice for couples who choose to protect their fertility for various reasons. Couples with high risk conditions like cancer, endometriosis, and ovarian failure can preserve their ability to conceive, with this technique. The success rate of frozen embryo transfers is about 60% for women under the age of 35yrs in India, according to various studies that have been conducted. 

Why Freeze Embryos?

Excess embryos are quite common in couples trying to conceive through IVF. These can be used for the future by freezing them. This process is called cryo-preservation. It is helpful in cases when the couple wants to cancel or postpone an implantation after one good fertilized egg, or if they want to have the choice to try again, if one round of IVF fails. They may also choose to donate them to other couples who are trying to get pregnant or for research purposes.

Process Of Embryo Cryopreservation-

The interested couple must visit a fertility clinic, where they will be asked to get a few preliminary tests done. Once the results are out and the doctor gives the go ahead, the process begins. 

• Egg collection: The doctor will first sedate you and then collect multiple eggs at once, using a hollow needle and catheter. This process is also called egg retrieval.
• Fertilization:Later, these collected eggs are all fertilized under the guidance of an embryologist with the sperm collected from your partner. The fertilization of an egg takes place in a petri dish within a lab setting for 7 days. These embryos are then sent for genetic testing to identify any genetic conditions or anomalies.
• Embryo grading: Once genetic testing is done, the embryos are graded for their higher feasibility and successful growth for implantation. 
• Vitrification: The highly graded embryos are then carefully frozen using liquid nitrogen to prevent ice crystals from forming, that could damage the embryonic cells.
• Storage in Bank-The storage of these embryos is usually in a lab and they can be safely preserved for 10 yrs or even longer. If an egg is collected from a woman aged below 35yrs, there is about a 95% chance that the frozen embryos can survive the thawing process.

Process Of Using The Frozen Embryos For Pregnancy:

Once you decide to get pregnant, FET (Frozen embryo transfer) begins. The mother usually receives oestrogen pills or injections for improving the uterine lining and progesterone treatment to make the uterus safe for embryo. In cases where the mother has natural cycles, the doctor waits until ovulation and then the embryo is transferred into the uterus 5 days after ovulation. This is called natural FET (Frozen embryo transfer).

Benefits Of Cryo-Preservation:

• It is useful for couples who don’t wish to get pregnant any time soon. 
• Couples with fertility issues.
• Helpful for couples that undergo treatments which damage their fertility.
• Women who are uncertain of their partners can choose for their eggs to be frozen & get fertilized with donor sperm at a later date. 

Risks: 

You should be aware of the risks associated with this procedure, even if it is a minor one. 

• Damage to the embryos while freezing
• Weak embryos that do not fit the criteria  cannot be frozen
• Failure to get pregnant even after implantation
• Higher incidence of age related pregnancy risks. 
• Multiple births if more eggs are implanted.

Conclusion – Cryo-preservation of embryos is one of the best techniques available, in today’s world for couples trying to conceive, who are otherwise not able to do so under normal circumstances. Individuals and couples these days choose to defer having babies due to a variety of reasons. Cryo-preservation helps couples in the future, when there is better stability in their personal and financial life. Couples opting for embryo cryo-preservation should consult the best IVF Clinic In Hyderabad in such cases.  So, come to Feminova, for an unbiased and non -judgemental session and walk out with more confidence than when you came in! 

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Introduction – Pregnancy is always treated as a blessing or joy when a couple  is trying to conceive. But getting pregnant is not as simple as we think it to be – because the process of pregnancy depends on various factors. Womanhood starts from the age of menarche or first menses and the fertility of the woman is considered high. She can continue to have children at any time, till her menopause, if she so desires. But, this decision comes with risks and advantages; the most fertile period of a woman is in her late teen’s i.e., around 19yrs till early 30s . Then fertility naturally begins to decline as the woman gets older, making it harder to conceive. A late pregnancy is not only difficult but also risky for the mother and baby.

What Happens With Advancing Age According To Science?

Scientifically speaking, women’s reproductive organs are fully functional and at their peak health between their late 20s and early 30s. Getting pregnant and taking care of a whole new life is not merely decided by age alone, but it is one of the factors to think about, while other factors like emotional willingness and financial readiness also matter when starting a family. Hence the timing for each woman may differ accordingly. 

Women carry a finite number of eggs at birth- approximately around 2 million initially, and it drops to 3,00,000 at puberty, By late 30’s, it drops to just over 25,000 eggs and by the age of 50, it will be as low as 1000. So, a general thumb rule is – ovarian reserve or the number of eggs decrease with increasing age, negatively impacting fertility, as time goes by. 

Factors that Affect Fertility-

• Quality of egg: Having a healthy baby is the wish and dream of every mother and this is decided by the quality of an egg. During the peak reproductive age that is the ages between 20-31 yrs, egg quality is at its best and as age progresses, quality starts to decline. Once the woman crosses the age of 35 yrs, her fertility starts to drop quickly.

The chances of getting pregnant decreases with age – like you have a 20% chance to conceive at the age of 25, 12% chance at the age of 35 and 7% post 40 yrs.

 Certain accompanying lifestyle related factors include- 

• Smoking
• Underlying systemic diseases
• Pelvic organ infections
• Any form of cancer.

Advantages Of Getting Pregnant Between Your Late 20s And Early 30s:

• Any and all post pregnancy effects are well tolerated and mothers tend to heal faster if they are younger. 
• With the growth of a healthy baby, women in their peak fertile age can provide better intra- uterine life to the foetus, increasing the chances of producing a healthy off-spring.
• Energy: Women in between late twenties and early thirties have sufficient energy to take care of their little one.
• There will be fewer chances of pregnancy complications.

Risks Of Delayed Pregnancy Include Several Conditions Like –

• Gestational diabetes
• High blood pressures
• Pre-eclampsia
• Miscarriages
• Premature birth
• Still births
• low birth weight in infant
• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Cardiac risks to the mother. 

According to IVF specialists and health care professionals, as age advances, the amount of DNA present in the older eggs may have too much or too little genetic information, this can increase the chances of having a child with genetic abnormality or having a miscarriage. Planning pregnancy at an older age not only makes it hard to conceive but it also poses serious health risks to the mother.

Conclusion – If you’re a couple planning a pregnancy, then do consider evaluating the health conditions of both the parents under the guidance of experienced IVF specialists or gynaecologists available at a women’s clinic nearby, so that they can guide and advise you on the most suitable plans available. There are multiple options available like freezing eggs and sperm if you’re at risk of any other illness like cancer treatment which can damage your sperm or egg. Talk to specialists at Feminova Clinics, which is the best fertility Clinic In Hyderabad, if you have a history of any other illness related to thyroid, heart, epilepsy etc.  An early consultation with the experts can provide better options for you and your off-spring.

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Introduction – Menstruation or commonly known as a period is a bodily cycle seen in women where shedding of the uterus lining occurs every month. A regular cycle is a good thing to have. The shedding partly consists of tissue and blood. This process is driven by hormones which are chemical messengers in your body and organs like the pituitary gland in the brain and the ovaries play a major role in menstruation. A cross sectional study conducted in India revealed that 50 to 87.8% of women reported dysmenorrhoea. Among this range, 70% of females in the adolescent age group – suffered the most pain. 

How Does Healthy Menstruation Happen?

This cyclical occurrence is under the tight control of hormones – especially from the pituitary and ovaries, which influence the uterus into initiating the process of menstruation. The process of menstruation happens in 4 phases namely the menses, follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase.

Hormones like oestrogen, progesterone, follicular stimulating hormone and prostaglandins are responsible for the process of a smooth cycle. Any irregularities in these hormones can cause various symptoms ranging from painful menses to infertility.

What Is Painful Menses Or Dysmenorrhoea?

Dysmennorhoea is pain caused in the lower abdomen and back during the process of menstruation. It is classified into 2 types: primary and secondary. 

• Primary dysmenorrhoea is the most common type seen in adolescent and young adult women. Hormones like prostaglandins are released in increased amounts leading to the cut off of blood flow to the uterus, causing ischemia and severe pain. Early menarche, irregular oestrogen production, smoking, stress and obesity, and family history are some contributing factors for the high prostaglandin levels.
• Secondary dysmenorrhoea: This type of menstrual cramps or pain is seen due to underlying pelvic conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, adenomyosis or PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease), polyps, cervical diseases, congenital abnormalities, ovarian cysts and Intra uterine device (IUD) complications. Any of these factors can cause the pelvic organs like the uterus and ovaries to produce high levels of prostaglandins, causing extreme pain during menses. Symptoms can range from extreme pain in the lower abdomen, thighs, a feeling of pressure, bloating, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headaches respectively. 

Dysmenorrhea must be diagnosed and treated in a timely fashion. If it is primary dysmenorrhea, then, there is no need to worry too much. But, if other medical conditions are causing severe pain, it is important to deal with them, to prevent any complications from occurring later on. Untreated PID or endometriosis can lead to infertility in severe cases. Diagnosis is usually done by a gynaecologist- using a pelvic exam. A speculum will also be inserted, so that the doctor gets a better look at your vagina and cervix. If results remain inconclusive and you still have painful symptoms, then you may need a hysteroscopy, ultrasound or a laparoscopy. 

Management of Dysmenorrhoea Symptoms- 

Relieving period cramps depends on severity and underlying pathologies. If there are no underlying diseases, pain killers, ample rest with hot bag application are advised. If the pain is extremely severe affecting your daily life, your gynaecologist may provide hormonal medications. In secondary dysmenorrhoea pains, the underlying uterine or ovarian problems must be treated first and the body recovers by itself. 

Conclusion – Menstruation is a natural process like digestion and respiration. Any pain in such a natural process is an area of concern and should be addressed at the earliest. Visit your nearest gynaecologist if you are affected by it. Informing your complete medical history helps the gynaecologist to suggest a plan according to your condition. Since dysmenorrhoea may be hormonal in nature, you will need holistic care. Feminova Women’s Clinic has some of the best gynaecologists, including the Top PCOS Specialist in Hyderabad – who are well experienced in addressing your suffering by providing appropriate measures and requisite advice.

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Introduction– Women have to go through a lot of ups and downs in life and these major changes are mirrored by the body- in the form of hormonal shifts and in how the reproductive system works. Studies tend to show that men are more likely to get diagnosed because they prioritise their health a little better than women- who are all about getting work done, setting priorities and moving ahead in life. So, unless there is a real problem, women don’t really think going to a doctor will help. This thought process can be normal, but it is not necessarily right. 

What is Preventive Gynaecological Care?

Preventive care essentially means being proactive and getting tested regularly, so that even if you feel normal, you can continue to go about life normally too. Preventive screening says- prevention is the best cure, and that delaying timely diagnosis can affect your outcomes significantly. The main reasons you should go in or an annual check up even if you feel fine are-

• Check for any outliers and make changes in your lifestyle if needed. 
• Check if you are at high risk of developing any particular condition- due to exposure to agents in the environment or if you have high-risk genetic markers. . 
• For regular vaccinations
• To build a good rapport with a doctor who will help you not only during times of illness, but when you feel fine too. 

Tests in A Well-Woman Package-

Many hospitals and labs offer well-rounded diagnostic well-woman packages, which are designed to check for blood tests, Pap smears (to check for cervical cancer risk), HPV test and STI testing and requisite vaccinations, a mammogram (for assessing breast cancer risk), blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol levels and bone density tests once a year, or once every 2-3 years (if you fall in the low risk category). Other tests may be added as needed. 

Blood pressure screening and blood lipid profile testing is done to check for heart disease risk. Even if you have heart disease, or it is just the beginning, you won’t notice any definite symptoms, which is why preventive screening is essential in this case. 

Preventive Screening guidelines have been well established for women in different age groups-

• You should get your BP checked every 3 years at least, though an annual check up is the best practice. 
• A screening mammogram is a good idea after 35 years of age, if you carry high risk markers or just want to be proactive. But, doctors don’t recommend mammograms often. 
• A Pap smear needs to be done every 3 years (between 21-29 yrs of age), by itself. 
• You should consider getting a Pap smear and an HPV test once you hit 30. You should continue to get tested every 5 years, till you turn 65 (unless you are at risk or if your doctor asks you to get screened more often). 
• Blood tests for cholesterolemia and heart disease from 20 years of age (if you have a family history of heart disease). If you are in the low risk group, begin screening from age 40-45 and above, every year or every 3-5 years. 

What Vaccinations are Safe to Take for Me?

Women who are sexually active need to be careful about STI and HPV infections in particular. The vaccines you should get without any delay, if you have missed them include-

• TDap- Tetanus and Diphtheria vaccine (one during adolescence or after you are an adult) followed by a booster shot every 10 years. 
• HPV or Human Papilloma Virus vaccine if you have not been vaccinated for HPV before. 
• Hep-C screening should be done between 18-79 years of age and during every pregnancy, without fail. Hep-B vaccination can be availed. 
• HIV screening- once at least (between 15-65 years of age). No vaccine available. 

Conclusion– Preventive gynaecological screening is your best friend in getting top quality preventive care. So, if you have been searching for a “Lady Gynecologist Near Me” or a top “Women Clinic Nearby”, look no further, as Feminova Clinics is the best place to go to. We offer a full spectrum of gynaecological and obstetric services which have been designed to help a woman in any stage of her life. We offer cutting edge testing, diagnosis, effective treatments, counselling and our specialists will help you make changes to your lifestyle in the long term, as they don’t believe in short-term fixes. 

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Introduction – Most of us think that an obstetrician and a gynaecologist are the same, since it is normally written as OB/GYN in many signboards or websites. While you are not too far from the truth, it is important to understand that it is actually 2 closely related specialities that are being talked about here- obstetrics and gynaecology. This means if someone is an OB/GYN, then they have both specialisations. Let us break down each of these 2 aspects in more detail, in this blog. 

Who is a Gynaecologist?

A gynaecologist is a specialist who helps you take care of your reproductive health your whole life- which means you will go to them when you get your first period, when you want to conceive, when you notice any painful symptoms of the reproductive system like the vagina, the uterus, the breasts etc. all the way up to and beyond you become menopausal. 

So, in effect, you can talk to your gynaecologist about-

• Birth control and planning
• Irregular periods
• Infections of any kind
• Pelvic prolapse
• Endometriosis
• Polyps
• Cysts
• Fibroids, among other things. 
• Preventive screening- like Pap smears, HPV tests, STI testing.
• PCOS and other related hormonal issues 
• Vaccinations

They can perform surgeries to remove fibroids, perform hysterectomies, tubal ligation, myomectomy and other specialised procedures when needed. 

Who is an Obstetrician?

An obstetrician is a doctor who is more concerned about pregnancy – from before you try to conceive, during pregnancy and much after childbirth – they will help you with all aspects or prenatal and postnatal health concerns. Only obstetricians can deliver babies. They are trained to understand if you or your little one are in distress and will help in the best way possible. They are the right personnel to go to, if you have-

• An ectopic pregnancy
• If you are pregnant in general
• If you have preeclampsia
• If you have any issues with the placenta
• If you will need any other mode of delivery- like Caesarean, because it is a high-risk pregnancy for example. 
• If you need an episiotomy during delivery 
• If you have suffered from a miscarriage before
• If you want any fertility treatments done
• If the foetus needs any diagnostic or genetic testing done
• They can also assist you in dealing with post-partum depression and get you in touch with a therapist. 

In short, they are trained to help you deliver, even if the circumstances may be especially hard or if there are complications that may happen. 

Conclusion– Both obstetricians and gynaecologists start off with an MBBS, followed by a specialisation in obstetrics and gynaecology. They can then go on to choose superspecialty courses thereafter. If you have been searching for the “best gynaecologist near me” or “fertility specialist near me” or “Obgyn near me”, then you should know that Feminova Clinics has conveniently located branches all over Hyderabad. We offer a full spectrum of services- right from when a girl hits puberty to well after a woman has passed menopause. 

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Introduction– Most women in our country have their first visit to a gynaecologist during pregnancy when they are much older or if they have issues relating to delayed or painful periods, but not when everything is going well. While this mindset is common and cannot be changed that easily (who wants to go to a doctor unless there is an issue or an emergency? No one.), it is important to understand that being proactive about teen and adult health is not a bad thing. So, if you would like to visit one even if everything seems normal, you should just do it and NOT overthink it. 

Who Is A Gynaecologist?

A gynaecologist is a medical specialist who helps diagnose and treat all symptoms and conditions that relate to the female reproductive system. This means they can examine the uterus, the vagina or your breasts to check for any problems you may be having and to treat them appropriately. They can also perform surgeries when needed. Since they provide generalised care from puberty till after menopause, it makes sense to check in with them every so often. 

Gynaecologists can help you plan your pregnancies, prescribe different modes of birth control, diagnose and treat any issues that may arise in the uterus, vagina, breasts or other parts of the reproductive system and administer pelvic exams when needed. They can also help you with preventive screening tests and vaccinate you. Lastly, they can also test and treat you if you suffer from any sexually transmitted infections. 

Age Wise Guide of When To Visit A Gynaecologist

Doctors in the field will tell you when to get a check up done. 

• Ideally, the first visit should be when you are a teen or if you have a teenager at home. This way, they can learn more about what puberty is, understand why the body changes so much and learn more about how to stay safe later on in the future. 
• Next, if you suffer from painful periods, heavy bleeding or if it is a painful monthly ordeal, then you should go in for a consultation. Painful periods are NOT normal and are caused due to underlying issues. 
• If there is any strange smelling or looking discharge, itchiness or redness, then it may be some kind of infection. Timely treatment is necessary, so that it does not get worse. 
• You will obviously need a gynaecologist to help you during pregnancy, as they are the ones who will check your scans and update you about your health and how your little one is doing. 
• The other instances you should go in for a check up include-Painful intercourse, presence of lumps or bumps in the vagina, if you are not able to conceive, have severe menopausal symptoms and low libido, among other issues, then getting a consultation in a women’s clinic nearby is essential.

The general thumb rule has been given below, with age groups, for easier understanding- 

• Ages 13-25 – Hormonal changes, period related problems like heavy or infrequent ones can be diagnosed and treated effectively. Even if you are normal, go in once a year, for a check up. 
• From ages 25-35- Get annual check ups with screening tests added in- like the Pap smear, HPV tests and breast exams. Since many of you will be sexually active, get contraception advice and STI tests too. 
• Ages 36-50- Once a year for preventive screening and for any other treatments you may require. This will include STI screening, HPV tests, Pap smear etc. 
• Ages 50 and above– once you are menopausal, the chances of getting certain cancers is much higher. So, screening can be beneficial. Pelvic exams and bone density scans need to be done once a year, along with Pap smears. 

Conclusion– From getting the best PCOS treatment in Hyderabad to cutting edge fertility clinics in the city, we at Feminova Clinics provide comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for all sorts of conditions that ail women at different stages of their life. Our doctors will help you from the time you are a teenager to when you have become menopausal and want to live extra care-free. So, if you have been searching for “best gynaecologist near me”, then you don’t have to go too far. Feminova Clinics is conveniently located in different parts of the city. Walk in for a consultation, today! 

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Introduction– Vaginal infections of different kinds always command a bad rep- it is spoken about in very hush hush tones, as it is thought to be embarrassing and as a very private matter. This need to keep quiet can also mean that women ignore symptoms until they get much worse. The vagina is a very crucial part – not because it is present as an entity of the reproductive system, but because it serves a major function with respect to its protection too. It contains large amounts of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms – called the vaginal flora, that is made of very specific populations of both the good types and the bad ones. Majority of the time, the good guys prevail and don’t allow the indiscriminate growth of the pathogenic ones, thus maintaining the pH in a reasonable range of 3.8-4.5. When the pH is higher, it means the bad guys have succeeded in invading the vagina and have caused an unwanted infection. 

Symptoms of Vaginal Infections-

The vagina can get infected by any number of microorganisms which are bacterial, fungal or viral in nature. The problem is diagnosing the right condition,because the symptoms for most of them will start off with vaginal itching, some redness and probably some abnormal looking discharge. Once you notice any change, it is time to look at each symptom in greater detail- like the colour and odour of the discharge or the consistency, the intensity of redness and itching or similar signs. 

Understanding the different pH changes they bring about can help a doctor diagnose the condition quickly. Treatment for most of these conditions is pretty straightforward- you may either be prescribed antibiotics or anti-fungal medications. 

What Is The Difference Between Yeast Infection, BV and UTI? 

Let us look at what each of these infections are, so that you can learn to differentiate between them, based on the different symptoms- 

• Yeast infections are caused when the number of fungi present in the vagina is more than normal. It is normally caused by Candida albicans- which in small numbers is harmless and is kept in check by the other good flora in the region. When this fungus proliferates in the vagina due to prolonged antibiotic use, uncontrolled diabetes or pregnancy- then it can cause symptoms like itching, redness, soreness and a vaginal discharge that will not smell different, but will look white, thick and curd-like in nature. 

• Bacterial vaginosis, shortened to BV commonly, is when there are too many bacteria growing in the vagina, and they are NOT good or benign like the normal Lactobacillus ones. E. coli bacterium is normally not a problem if it is present in small enough numbers, but larger numbers are what can become problematic. It is not infectious, but can still cause green, grey or whitish coloured discharge which smells very fishy. You may also notice pain during urination, intercourse, irritation and even soreness at times. 

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by pathogens that infect the bladder, ureters, urethra or the kidneys, though the painful urination and burning sensation while relieving oneself are often felt in the urethra alone. You may feel like peeing very often or may even notice blood in the urine. But, there are no other changes that can be observed.

Treatment of Various Vaginal Infections- 

The treatment for most of these infections is thankfully pretty easy to deal with- you will be asked to use either medicated gels or you can take medications. If it is a fungal infection, then anti-fungal drugs like Miconazole or Fluconazole are used. Antibiotics like Clindamycin, Tinidazole or Metronidazole are prescribed when it is bacterial vaginosis or a UTI(provided your culture results show that it is a bacterial infection). Also, since these infections are caused by different entities, it is possible to have more than one affecting you at the same time. 

Preventive Measures To Follow- 

One good thing to know is that most of these infections are highly preventable, if you follow a few important precautions, like the following- 

• Follow good hygiene practices daily. Wash your hands after using the loo, every single time. 
• Wear loose, breathable cotton underwear, so that moisture can be wicked away. 
• Don’t use scented products or soap in your vagina. The vagina keeps itself clean, so use water ONLY. 
• Practice safe sex always and use unflavoured condoms and lubricants. 
• You can focus on including probiotic rich foods like fermented curd, batter, pickles, etc. on a daily basis, to help your vaginal pH stay in a healthy range. 

Conclusion

So, is it PCOS or just a hormonal imbalance? The answer lies in observation, testing and listening. With the right tools, the right team, and the right mindset, you can navigate it beautifully. Hormonal imbalance may be easier to manage, but it’s still your body’s way of getting your attention. In either case, you don’t have to guess or suffer in silence. Find a good lady gynaecologist near you, someone who takes your concerns seriously. Because you deserve more than guesswork. You deserve answers, solutions and a future where you feel fully in sync with yourself again.

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