Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, and Modern Treatment Options

Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, and Modern Treatment Options

How Do Fibroids Form?

Fibroids are benign muscle nodules in the uterus, common in reproductive years. They often form when smooth muscle cells grow abnormally and cluster together. Pregnancy hormones may temporarily fuel their growth, but many shrink naturally by six months postpartum as the uterus contracts back to size 

Many women ask how fibroids form or what causes fibroids to grow. While genetics and hormones like oestrogen play chief roles, pregnancy and lactation often induce a natural regression phase. Still, fibroid size, number and location determine whether symptoms persist or fade after childbirth.

How To Treat Fibroid Pain

Pain from fibroids can feel like persistent cramps, pressure on the bladder, or heaviness in the pelvis. Here’s how it’s often managed:

  • Medication: Anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen ease pain and reduce swelling around the fibroid.
  • Watchful waiting: Postpartum fibroids often shrink over months. Regular scans monitor progress.
  • Hormonal treatment: For persistent pain, doctors may suggest hormonal therapies.
  • Surgical options: Rare in postpartum unless the fibroid is very large or causing severe bleeding or blockage 

Fibroid pain during periods often feels like intense cramping, a heavy pelvic weight, or sharp twinges that radiate to the lower back or thighs. This happens because fibroids can irritate the uterine lining or make contractions more forceful as your body tries to shed it. Some women also notice heavier bleeding, large clots and longer cycles

Many wonder how to treat fibroid pain effectively without rushing into surgery. Gentle reassurance and follow-up scans often reveal shrinking of fibroids naturally. Maintaining hydration, warm baths, gentle movement and relaxation techniques can all help manage discomfort.

What Are The Symptoms Of Fibroids After Menopause?

Although menopause typically calms fibroids, some women still experience symptoms due to the presence of calcified deposits in the uterus. After menopause, fibroids can shrink, become firm and even develop calcium deposits, leading to stiffness and discomfort. If someone asks what are the symptoms of fibroids after menopause, here’s what to watch for: pelvic discomfort, heavier than expected bleeding, urinary pressure or bloating. Calcified fibroids are usually benign but can press on nearby organs. Regular follow-up helps avoid surprises.

Calcification In Uterus

Calcification in the uterus refers to the process where fibroids begin accumulating calcium deposits as they age. This transition often happens once hormone support wanes after menopause. While typically harmless, calcified fibroids can compress the bladder or bowel, causing mild pain or bloating. It’s a natural transformation, but symptoms like pressure or urinary frequency deserve evaluation. Most scans detect calcification incidentally during routine ultrasounds. Management usually means monitoring unless symptoms interfere with quality of life.

Conclusion 

Many postpartum gynaecological issues are normal parts of the body’s road to recovery. The uterus shrinks, hormones shift and conditions like fibroids may resolve or evolve. By understanding processes like how fibroids form, recognising pain triggers and monitoring changes such as calcification in the uterus, women can navigate postpartum gynaecological health with clarity and calm. If discomfort persists, seeking care from a trusted gynaecologist ensures peace of mind. Early detection and conservative care often prevent unnecessary intervention. 

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Can fibroids cause bleeding postpartum?

Yes, they can. While some bleeding is expected after delivery (lochia), fibroids can cause heavy bleeding that lasts longer than usual or appears as clots. If your pads are soaking quickly or you feel weak or dizzy, consult your gynaecologist immediately for an ultrasound and blood work.

Will fibroids shrink naturally after childbirth?

In many cases, yes. Hormone levels drop sharply after delivery, especially if you’re breastfeeding, which reduces oestrogen. This often leads to fibroids shrinking by 30 to 70% over several months. Your doctor may suggest a follow-up scan at six months postpartum to monitor size and changes.

When should fibroid pain be evaluated postpartum?

Mild cramps and pelvic pressure may be normal initially, but if fibroid pain during period or daily life feels sharp, constant, or worsens, it’s time to check in. Pain with fever, bloating, or bladder issues could indicate complications like degeneration or torsion and needs prompt evaluation.

 

Is calcification in fibroids dangerous after menopause?

Not usually. Calcification in the uterus often means the fibroid has stopped growing and is now stabilising. It may feel hard or lumpy during a scan, but it’s rarely a cause for alarm. However, if you experience unusual pelvic pain or changes in bowel or bladder habits, follow-up is wise.

Does breastfeeding affect fibroid growth or symptoms?

Yes, positively! Breastfeeding delays your menstrual cycle and keeps oestrogen levels lower. This hormonal shift may help reduce fibroid size and limit related symptoms like bloating or bleeding. It’s one of nature’s ways of giving your uterus a chance to rest and recover.